Well Referenced

Category: Vitamins, Supplements & Antioxidants

Nutritional support for disease prevention and cellular health.

Glutathione Improves the Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin C in Human Lens and Retinal Epithelial Cells: Implications for Vitreous Substitutes

This study titled “Glutathione Improves the Antioxidant Activity of Vitamin C in Human Lens and Retinal Epithelial Cells: Implications for Vitreous Substitutes” investigated the synergistic antioxidant effects of glutathione and vitamin C on human ocular cells. Researchers found that glutathione not only protects against the cytotoxicity of vitamin C at

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Glutathione levels are associated with methotrexate resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines

This study explores how intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels contribute to methotrexate (MTX) resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines. Using metabolomic and gene expression analysis across 13 ALL lines, researchers found elevated GSH levels were associated with MTX resistance, indicating a constitutive metabolic defense mechanism. Key genes involved in

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Glutathione!

This article provides a comprehensive overview of glutathione, a critical antioxidant composed of cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid, found in cells at concentrations similar to glucose and potassium. It exists in reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms, with the GSH/GSSG ratio serving as a marker of cellular redox status—typically over

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

High-dose intravenous glutathione in man. Pharmacokinetics and effects on cyst(e)ine in plasma and urine

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the effects of intravenous glutathione in 30 patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Patients treated with glutathione showed statistically significant improvements in liver enzyme levels—specifically reductions in GGT, AST, and ALT—indicating reduced liver inflammation and oxidative stress. The therapy was well-tolerated, with no significant

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Anemia in Older Adults

This review article discusses the evaluation and management of anemia in older adults, a condition associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It highlights that anemia is frequently asymptomatic but can present with fatigue, weakness, or shortness of breath. Common causes include iron deficiency, chronic kidney disease, inflammation, and gastrointestinal blood

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Impact of Glutathione and Vitamin B-6 in Cirrhosis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Follow-Up Study

This review article explores the glutathione (GSH) system as a promising therapeutic target in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting its vital role in maintaining redox balance, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating neuroinflammation. Disruptions in GSH metabolism are linked to conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and major

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways Using Foods and Food-Derived Components: A Scientific Review with Clinical Application

The 2015 article “Modulation of Metabolic Detoxification Pathways Using Foods and Food-Derived Components: A Scientific Review with Clinical Application” (Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism, PMID: 26167297) reviews how various foods and nutrients influence the body’s detoxification systems, particularly phase I cytochrome P450 enzymes, phase II conjugation enzymes, Nrf2 signaling, and

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Nebulized glutathione induces bronchoconstriction in patients with mild asthma

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study evaluated the effects of nebulized glutathione (GSH) on airway responsiveness in eight patients with mild asthma. While GSH is known for its antioxidant properties, nebulized administration (600 mg in saline) caused significant bronchoconstriction, with a 19% drop in FEV1 and a 61% increase in

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

A comprehensive insight into the effect of glutamine supplementation on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

The 2020 systematic review titled “A Comprehensive Insight into the Effect of Glutamine Supplementation on Metabolic Variables in Diabetes Mellitus” (PMID: 32983244) evaluated 19 studies, including clinical and animal research, to assess glutamine’s impact on glycemic control and metabolic health in individuals with diabetes. The review found that glutamine supplementation

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Pharmacokinetics of glutathione and its metabolites in normal subjects

This observational study investigated the pharmacokinetics of glutathione (GSH) and its metabolites—cysteine (Cys), cystine (Cys2), and methionine (Met)—in healthy individuals to determine optimal dosing for reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in cases like paraquat poisoning. It found that Cys and Met effectively suppressed ROS production in a dose-dependent manner,

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June 26, 2025 No Comments