Intervention of mitochondrial dysfunction-oxidative stress-dependent apoptosis as a possible neuroprotective mechanism of α-lipoic acid against rotenone-induced parkinsonism and L-dopa toxicity

This 2011 study evaluated α-lipoic acid (ALA) as a neuroprotective agent in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) induced by rotenone. Rotenone exposure led to decreased striatal complex I activity, reduced glutathione levels, increased nitrite concentrations, elevated caspase-3 activity, and ultrastructural neuronal damage, indicative of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative