This 2020 review article explores the multifaceted role of iron in cancer biology. It discusses how dysregulated iron metabolism contributes to tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. Excess iron can promote oxidative DNA damage and genomic instability, facilitating oncogenesis. The article also examines therapeutic strategies targeting iron metabolism, such as iron
This 2024 review explores the potential of vaccines to address aging and associated chronic diseases. It discusses strategies targeting specific antigens linked to conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, type II diabetes, hypertension, abdominal aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, fibrosis, and cancer. Additionally, the article examines emerging vaccines aimed at eliminating senescent
This 2017 review discusses the roles of resveratrol (RES), curcumin (CUR), and berberine (BBR) in modulating aging, cancer progression, cancer stem cells (CSCs), and microRNA (miR) expression. RES activates sirtuins (e.g., SIRT1), influencing aging and cancer-related pathways. CUR exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, particularly against CSCs, by affecting gene methylation
This 2013 review explores the dual role of the growth hormone (GH)–insulin–insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway in aging and cancer. In juveniles, GH promotes growth and sexual maturation; however, in adults, elevated GH/IGF-1 levels are associated with increased risks of cancer, insulin resistance, and diabetes. Studies in various organisms,
This 2015 meta-analysis conducted by the CHANCES consortium analyzed data from over 10,000 individuals aged 45–85 across four European cohorts to test the free radical/oxidative stress theory of aging. The study assessed oxidative stress using two biomarkers: derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (D-ROMs) as an indicator of oxidative burden and
This 2019 review outlines the complex role of autophagy in cancer, acting as both a tumor suppressor and a survival mechanism for established malignancies. It examines the latest research on autophagy inhibition as a therapeutic strategy, especially in cancers with mutations in KRAS and p53, which rely on autophagy for
This review explores the diverse biological effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its analogues, highlighting their potential therapeutic applications across various medical conditions. GHRH and its analogues stimulate cell growth, tissue repair, and wound healing, regulate apoptosis, modulate inflammation and immune responses, and offer neuroprotective effects, making them promising
This phase I dose escalation study evaluated the safety and tolerability of intravenous Viscum album L. (mistletoe) extract in 21 cancer patients. The doses ranged from 200 mg to 2000 mg, with the highest dose well tolerated, causing only mild allergic reactions and moderate fever in some patients. The study
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 8 non-randomized studies assessed the impact of non-fermented mistletoe extract (ME) on cancer patient survival. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for RCTs was 0.81 (95% CI 0.69–0.95, p=0.01), indicating a 19% reduction in mortality risk. Subgroup analyses and
The article discusses the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) in folate metabolism and homocysteine regulation, highlighting the C677T polymorphism and its association with various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s, depression, and neural tube defects. The review explains how this genetic variant influences folate metabolism, affecting health outcomes, and emphasizes the
