This randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial assessed the efficacy of low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (LI-ESWT) in 76 men with vascular erectile dysfunction (ED) unresponsive to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is). Participants received weekly sessions for four weeks (5000 shocks/session at 0.09 mJ/mm²). At 3 months, the treatment group showed a
