Fasting insulin and apolipoprotein B levels and low-density lipoprotein particle size as risk factors for ischemic heart disease

This nested case-control study in men from the Quebec Cardiovascular Study identified fasting plasma insulin levels, apolipoprotein B, and small, dense LDL particles as significant independent risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD), with an odds ratio of 5.9 (95% CI, 2.3-15.4). The findings suggest that these nontraditional metabolic markers,