Factors influencing the efficacy of nutritional interventions on muscle mass in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated 29 randomized controlled trials involving 2,255 older adults (mean age 78.1 years) to assess the impact of nutritional interventions on muscle mass. The findings indicate that supplementation with amino acids, creatine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), and protein combined with amino acids significantly improved muscle mass,