This 2020 review examines the impact of high-protein diets on kidney function and longevity. High dietary protein intake can cause intraglomerular hypertension, leading to kidney hyperfiltration, glomerular injury, and proteinuria. While high-protein diets are popular for weight loss and type 2 diabetes management, evidence suggests that they may worsen renal
This 2013 perspective article revisits the pioneering work of Élie Metchnikoff, who in the early 20th century proposed that health could be enhanced and aging delayed by manipulating the intestinal microbiome with beneficial bacteria found in fermented foods like yogurt. Metchnikoff’s theories, which included concepts such as bacterial translocation and
This review examines the complex role of growth hormone (GH) in mammalian aging. While GH levels decline with age, this reduction may serve as a protective mechanism against age-related diseases, including cancer. Animal studies demonstrate that absence of GH signaling can extend lifespan, suggesting a deceleration of aging processes. In
This review explores the controversial role of growth hormone (GH) in aging. While GH levels naturally decline with age and GH therapy has been proposed for anti-aging, evidence suggests reduced GH/IGF-1 activity is associated with increased lifespan and decreased cancer risk in animal models. Human studies on GH therapy in
This 2016 review elucidates the synergistic relationship between NAD⁺ and sirtuins in regulating aging and longevity. It details how NAD⁺-dependent sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 and SIRT3, influence metabolic pathways, mitochondrial function, and stress responses. The paper discusses how declining NAD⁺ levels with age impair sirtuin activity, leading to disrupted nuclear-mitochondrial communication
This review explores the role of sirtuins, a family of NAD⁺-dependent deacetylases, in modulating oxidative stress and aging. Sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 and SIRT3, enhance cellular resistance to oxidative damage by deacetylating key transcription factors and enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, such as FOXO proteins and SOD2. Caloric restriction activates sirtuins,
This 2020 review discusses the role of the kynurenine pathway in converting tryptophan to NAD+, a crucial cofactor in mitochondrial energy production and redox reactions. Age-related decline in NAD+ levels is linked to metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. The review highlights how interventions targeting the kynurenine pathway can extend lifespan in
This 2014 prospective cohort study analyzed data from 55,137 adults aged 18–100 over a 15-year period to assess the impact of leisure-time running on mortality. Approximately 24% of participants reported running. Compared to non-runners, runners exhibited a 30% lower risk of all-cause mortality and a 45% lower risk of cardiovascular
This 2017 review discusses the integration of geroprotective interventions, such as calorie restriction mimetics, autophagy inducers, and senolytics, into public health strategies. It highlights the potential of these interventions to extend healthspan and delay age-related diseases. The authors address challenges including regulatory hurdles, ethical considerations, and the need for robust
This 2016 literature review identifies 14 factors positively influencing human longevity, including caloric restriction, physical activity, happiness, vitamin intake, vegetarian or Mediterranean diet, oriental practices, socioeconomic status, genetics, sexual activity, sleep, moderate wine consumption, religion, and education. The review emphasizes the importance of integrating these factors into postoperative care for
