This 2014 in vitro study assessed the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the proliferation of human colon (Caco-2) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. Using MTT assays, researchers evaluated ALA’s impact alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The study found that high concentrations of
This 2021 clinical intervention study assessed the effects of high-dose intravenous vitamin C on tumor ascorbate levels in patients with colon cancer. Participants received up to 1 g/kg/day of ascorbate for four days before tumor resection. The intervention significantly increased ascorbate concentrations in plasma, erythrocytes, and tumor tissues, with tumor
This 2017 study assessed the combined effects of sirolimus (an mTOR inhibitor) and metformin (an AMPK activator) on colon cancer cell lines (HT29, SW620, HCT116) and in a mouse model. The combination treatment (Met/S) significantly inhibited cell viability and tumor growth more than either agent alone. Mechanistically, the combination downregulated
This 2019 experimental study investigates how inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway impedes colon cancer progression. The findings reveal that mTOR inhibition leads to the dephosphorylation of 4E-BP1, resulting in suppressed activity of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). This suppression upregulates the expression of PUMA (p53
This 2013 review investigates the role of fungal β-glucans—bioactive polysaccharides derived mainly from mushrooms—in colon cancer therapy. β-glucans exert their antitumor effects primarily through immune system modulation, activating macrophages, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells via Dectin-1 and complement receptor 3 (CR3) pathways. These interactions promote cytokine secretion and enhance
This 2015 population-based study analyzed data from 3,622 patients under 85 years who underwent curative resection for colon cancer between 1985 and 2000. The study found that between 5 and 10 years post-surgery, the cumulative recurrence rates were 2.9% for local recurrence and 4.3% for distant metastases. Notably, among men
This 2023 case-control study investigated the relationship between oral antibiotic use in adulthood and the risk of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) using data from UK primary care records between 1999 and 2011. Among 7,903 CRC cases (445 diagnosed before age 50) and 30,418 controls, antibiotic exposure was associated with a
This 2016 systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis incorporated data from 174 prospective cohort studies to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of breast cancer, colon cancer, type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and ischemic stroke. It demonstrated an inverse, non-linear relationship between total physical activity (measured in
This 2016 study evaluates the inhibitory effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a green tea polyphenol, on cancer stem-like cell (CSC) populations derived from human hepatoma and colon cancer cell lines. CSCs were enriched via sphere formation under nonadherent, serum-free conditions and exhibited higher expression of stemness markers, Nek2, and ATP-binding
This study investigated how antioxidants affect the cytotoxicity of phenolic phytochemicals, specifically epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin, on HCT116 colon cancer cells. Both compounds induced DNA damage and apoptosis in these cells. However, the presence of antioxidants like ascorbate and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibited EGCG-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, but did
