This cross-sectional study assessed the association between cumulative and current lead exposure and cognitive function in 141 middle-aged and elderly men enrolled in the VA Normative Aging Study. Researchers measured blood lead levels and bone lead concentrations (in tibia and patella) using K-X-ray fluorescence. Results showed that higher blood lead
This review explores the association between androgen deficiency—specifically reductions in testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and its sulfate (DHEA-S)—and memory impairment in aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). It highlights that hypoandrogenism correlates with cognitive decline, potentially due to its influence on tau protein hyperphosphorylation, a hallmark of AD pathology. While animal
This study investigated the association between blood glucose levels within the normal range (
This longitudinal study assessed the impact of cumulative lead exposure on cognitive function over 22 years in an occupational cohort. Researchers measured both blood lead and tibia bone lead levels and administered the Pittsburgh Occupational Exposures Test battery. Findings revealed that higher bone lead levels were associated with lower current
This prospective cohort study analyzed data from 3,434 participants aged 65 and older without dementia at baseline, enrolled in the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study, to examine the association between cumulative use of strong anticholinergic medications and the risk of incident dementia. Over a mean follow-up of 7.3 years,
This prospective cohort study analyzed data from 12,336 participants (mean age 56.8 years) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study to assess the relationship between midlife systemic inflammation and cognitive decline over two decades. Researchers measured inflammatory biomarkers—fibrinogen, white blood cell count, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII—to create
This 2023 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (COSMOS-Mind) evaluated the effects of daily cocoa extract (500 mg flavanols) and a multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplement on cognitive function in 2,262 older adults over three years. Cocoa extract supplementation showed no significant impact on global cognition, memory, or executive function. In contrast, daily MVM
This 2015 randomized clinical trial assessed the effects of a Mediterranean diet on cognitive function in 447 older adults (mean age 66.9) at high cardiovascular risk. Participants were randomized to three groups: a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet with mixed nuts, or a control low-fat diet.
This longitudinal study evaluated the impact of dietary choline intake on cognitive performance and brain structure in 1,391 dementia-free individuals (mean age 61) from the Framingham Offspring Cohort. Dietary data were collected via food frequency questionnaires, and participants underwent neuropsychological testing and MRI imaging. Results indicated that higher concurrent choline
This 2021 observational cross-sectional study assessed neurocognitive impairment (NI) in 81 HIV-2-infected adults across four Portuguese hospitals using the IHDS and MoCA screening tools. Results indicated that 81.5% of participants exhibited cognitive alterations on the MoCA, while 42% showed impairments on the IHDS; both tests were concurrently abnormal in 35.8%
