Reversing the Warburg effect as a treatment for glioblastoma

This study explores the potential of methylene blue (MB) to reverse the Warburg effect in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. MB treatment increased oxygen consumption and decreased lactate production, indicating a shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation. MB inhibited GBM cell proliferation and induced S-phase cell cycle arrest. Mechanistically, MB activated