Cellular and molecular actions of Methylene Blue in the nervous system

Methylene blue (MB) has demonstrated potential therapeutic benefits in neuroprotection, mood disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. This review highlights MB’s mechanisms of action, including its inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), which increases serotonin and dopamine levels, and its modulation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway, which