This large-scale longitudinal study assessed the functional and quality of life outcomes in 2,565 men aged 50–69 with localized prostate cancer, randomized to active monitoring (AM), radical prostatectomy (RP), external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), or low-dose-rate brachytherapy (BT). Over six years, AM was associated with gradual declines
