Well Referenced

Tag: redox balance

Studies on Oxidants and Antioxidants with a Brief Glance at Their Relevance to the Immune System

This review explores the dual roles of oxidants and antioxidants in immune function. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), while essential for pathogen defense and cellular signaling, can cause oxidative damage when unregulated. The body’s antioxidant systems, including enzymatic (e.g., superoxide dismutase, catalase) and non-enzymatic (e.g., vitamins

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

The Role of Natural Antioxidants Against Reactive Oxygen Species Produced by Cadmium Toxicity: A Review

This review article explores the mechanisms by which cadmium (Cd) induces oxidative stress and evaluates the potential protective roles of natural antioxidants. Cd exposure disrupts cellular redox homeostasis through the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to damage in lipids, proteins, and DNA. The review highlights natural antioxidant

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Role of Glutathione in Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapies

This 2020 review explores the complex role of glutathione (GSH) in cancer, emphasizing its dual nature as both a protector against oxidative stress and a contributor to tumor progression and drug resistance. Elevated GSH levels in cancer cells enhance survival, proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy by detoxifying reactive oxygen species

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Inhibition of Thioredoxin-Dependent H₂O₂ Removal Sensitizes Malignant B-Cells to Pharmacological Ascorbate

This 2019 study investigates the role of the thioredoxin system in protecting malignant B-cells from oxidative stress induced by pharmacological ascorbate (vitamin C). The researchers found that inhibiting thioredoxin-dependent hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) removal sensitizes these cancer cells to ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity. By disrupting the thioredoxin system, the accumulation of H₂O₂ leads

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

One-Carbon Metabolism: Pulling the Strings behind Aging and Neurodegeneration

This 2022 review explores the pivotal role of one-carbon metabolism (OCM) in aging and neurodegeneration. OCM encompasses interconnected pathways like the folate and methionine cycles, crucial for DNA synthesis, methylation, redox balance, and mitochondrial function. The authors highlight how disruptions in OCM contribute to age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s,

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Antioxidant Activity with Increased Endogenous Levels of Vitamin C, E and A Following Dietary Supplementation with a Combination of Glutathione and Resveratrol Precursors

The study titled “Antioxidant Activity with Increased Endogenous Levels of Vitamin C, E and A Following Dietary Supplementation with a Combination of Glutathione and Resveratrol Precursors” (Nutrients, 2020, PMID: 33105552) investigated the effects of two dietary supplements—GluS and GluReS—on redox balance in healthy adults over an 8-week period. Both supplements

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Glutathione as a mediator of cartilage oxidative stress resistance and resilience during aging and osteoarthritis

The article titled “Glutathione as a mediator of cartilage oxidative stress resistance and resilience during aging and osteoarthritis” investigates the critical role of glutathione in protecting cartilage from oxidative stress, particularly in the context of aging and osteoarthritis (OA). The study highlights how glutathione maintains redox homeostasis within chondrocytes—cells responsible

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Glutathione!

This article provides a comprehensive overview of glutathione, a critical antioxidant composed of cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid, found in cells at concentrations similar to glucose and potassium. It exists in reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) forms, with the GSH/GSSG ratio serving as a marker of cellular redox status—typically over

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Impact of Glutathione and Vitamin B-6 in Cirrhosis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Follow-Up Study

This review article explores the glutathione (GSH) system as a promising therapeutic target in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting its vital role in maintaining redox balance, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating neuroinflammation. Disruptions in GSH metabolism are linked to conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and major

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Impact of Supplementary Amino Acids, Micronutrients, and Overall Diet on Glutathione Homeostasis

This systematic review evaluates how supplementation with glutathione (GSH) precursor amino acids—particularly cysteine, glycine, and glutamate—as well as non-precursor amino acids, micronutrients (such as vitamins C and E), and overall dietary patterns influence glutathione homeostasis and antioxidant defense. Because orally consumed GSH is inefficiently absorbed due to intestinal degradation, enhancing

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June 26, 2025 No Comments