The HABITS trial, a randomized controlled study, assessed the safety of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in breast cancer survivors with menopausal symptoms but was terminated early due to concerns about increased cancer recurrence. Among 442 women followed for a median of four years, the HRT group had a significantly higher
This article explores the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cancer risk, particularly focusing on breast, endometrial, ovarian, and colorectal cancers. Long-term HRT use increases the risk of breast and endometrial cancer, with the combination of estrogen and progestin being riskier for breast cancer, though it mitigates endometrial cancer
This cohort study, conducted within the Women’s Health Initiative, examined the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in postmenopausal women. Among 304 CHD cases and 304 matched controls, elevated baseline levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly associated with
This meta-analysis of 51 epidemiological studies involving 52,705 women with breast cancer and 108,411 without examined the link between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and breast cancer risk. The findings showed that current HRT use increases breast cancer risk, with the risk rising with prolonged use but diminishing after cessation. The
This review examines the effects of combined estrogen-androgen therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women, highlighting its potential to enhance bone health beyond estrogen-only treatments. Estrogen helps prevent bone resorption, while androgens may promote bone formation and muscle mass, contributing to skeletal integrity. The study suggests that this
This cohort study from the Million Women Study found that current hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use is linked to an increased risk of both incident and fatal breast cancer, with the risk being particularly higher for estrogen-progestagen combinations. The risk rises with the duration of use but decreases after cessation
This study examined the effects of a 12-month exercise training program and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on body composition in postmenopausal women. The findings revealed that exercise significantly increased lean soft tissue mass and reduced fat mass, while HRT alone had no notable effect. There were no significant interactions between
This review article discusses the potential impact of combining testosterone with estrogen in hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women and its associated risks, including breast cancer. It emphasizes the need for careful evaluation when using testosterone therapy alongside estrogen, especially for women with low sexual desire disorder, highlighting the importance
This observational study from the E3N-EPIC cohort investigated the relationship between various hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimens and breast cancer risk. The study found that combining estrogens with synthetic progestins increased breast cancer risk, even for short durations, while transdermal estrogens with synthetic progestins also showed an elevated risk. However,
This study on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in 22,597 Swedish women found that while HRT did not increase overall cancer mortality, it increased risks of breast and endometrial cancers, especially with estrogen-progestin therapy. However, HRT appeared to offer protection against colon and liver cancers. The findings suggest that the type
