endocrine therapy Archives - Well Referenced

Safety and efficacy of sirolimus combined with endocrine therapy in patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer and the exploration of biomarkers

This retrospective study assessed the safety and efficacy of sirolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, combined with endocrine therapy in 36 patients with advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. The combination yielded a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 4.9 months and an objective response rate of 19.4%, with a clinical benefit rate

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Endocrine therapy initiation and overall survival outcomes with omission of radiation therapy in older Medicare patients with early-stage hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer

This 2022 population-based study analyzed data from the SEER-Medicare database to assess endocrine therapy (ET) initiation and overall survival (OS) among women aged 70–90 with early-stage, hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer who underwent lumpectomy without radiation therapy between 2010 and 2015. Of 2,618 patients, 30.9% did not initiate ET. Logistic

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency: Benefits, Side Effects, and Risks of Growth Hormone Replacement

This 2013 review by Reed, Merriam, and Kargi explores the clinical utility and safety concerns surrounding growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT) in adults diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency (AGHD). GHRT is associated with improvements in body composition (increased lean mass, reduced fat mass), bone mineral density, lipid metabolism, and quality

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Polyethylene glycol-conjugated growth hormone-releasing hormone is long acting and stimulates GH in healthy young and elderly subjects

This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) in healthy young and elderly subjects. The results showed that PEG-GHRH has an extended half-life compared to native GHRH, leading to prolonged GH secretion in both age groups. The GH response was dose-dependent, with higher

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Stimulation of growth hormone secretion with human growth hormone releasing factors (GRF1-44, GRF1-40, GRF1-29) in normal subjects

This clinical trial investigated the effects of synthetic growth hormone-releasing factors (GRF1-44, GRF1-40, and GRF1-29) on growth hormone (GH) secretion in healthy adult males. The study demonstrated that all three GRF analogs significantly increased GH secretion, with GRF1-44 producing the most substantial response. The findings suggest that synthetic GRFs can

June 26, 2025 No Comments

GH feedback occurs through modulation of hypothalamic somatostatin under cholinergic control: studies with pyridostigmine and GHRH

This randomized controlled trial examined the role of cholinergic modulation in growth hormone (GH) secretion, specifically investigating how pyridostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, influences GH release through suppression of hypothalamic somatostatin. Pyridostigmine significantly increased GH secretion by enhancing cholinergic activity, which reduced somatostatin’s inhibitory effects, thereby promoting GH release. Though specific

June 26, 2025 No Comments

The Antioxidant and HDAC-Inhibitor α-Lipoic Acid: Is Synergistic with Exemestane in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Cells

The in vitro study examined the synergistic effects of the aromatase inhibitor exemestane and the antioxidant/HDAC inhibitor α-lipoic acid on estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and T47D). The combination treatment significantly reduced cell viability, promoted apoptosis, and modulated key apoptosis-related proteins, increasing p21, APAF-1, BIM, and FOXO1 while

June 26, 2025 No Comments

DHEA Modulates Immune Function: A Review of Evidence

The systematic review titled “DHEA Modulates Immune Function: A Review of Evidence” (Vitamins and Hormones, 2018, PMID: 30029724) explores the immunomodulatory effects of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its potential role in enhancing immune function. The review highlights DHEA’s ability to increase cytokine production, enhance natural killer (NK) cell activity, and improve

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Two to three years of hormone replacement treatment in healthy women have long-term preventive effects on bone mass and osteoporotic fractures: the PERF study

This study investigated the long-term benefits of short-term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on bone health in postmenopausal women. A total of 347 healthy postmenopausal women participated in placebo-controlled trials, receiving either HRT or placebo for 2-3 years. Follow-up assessments conducted 5, 11, or 15 years after discontinuation showed that women

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Update on the safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate as a therapeutic agent

This 1976 review examined 15 years of clinical experience using clomiphene citrate as an ovulation-inducing agent in over 2,000 patients. The findings indicated that the benefits of clomiphene therapy significantly outweighed its minor side effects, with a low incidence of serious birth defects comparable to that of the general population.

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Tag: endocrine therapy