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Tag: acetylcholine

L-Carnitine and Acetyl-L-carnitine Roles and Neuroprotection in Developing Brain

This review article examines the neuroprotective roles of L-carnitine and its acetylated derivative, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR), in the developing brain. L-carnitine facilitates the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation, crucial for energy production. ALCAR, capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, provides acetyl groups for acetylcholine synthesis and supports

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Choline-containing phospholipids: relevance to brain functional pathways

This comprehensive review examines the biological functions and therapeutic potential of choline-containing phospholipids (CCPLs), particularly CDP-choline (citicoline) and choline alphoscerate (α-GPC), in brain health. CCPLs are vital components of cell membranes and precursors to acetylcholine, essential for cholinergic neurotransmission. They also contribute to membrane repair, signal transduction, and methylation pathways.

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Administration of phosphatidylcholine increases brain acetylcholine concentration and improves memory in mice with dementia

This animal study investigated the effects of phosphatidylcholine (PC) supplementation on memory performance and brain acetylcholine levels in dementia-model and normal mice. Dementia-model mice exhibited significantly poorer memory and lower brain acetylcholine concentrations than normal controls (p < 0.05). After 45 days of daily PC administration (100 mg), dementia-model mice

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Roles and Mechanisms of Choline Metabolism in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cancers

This systematic review explores the role of choline metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cancer, highlighting its key pathways: oxidation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. Choline’s oxidation produces betaine, which aids in methylation and epigenetic regulation, while phosphorylation impacts lipid metabolism and transport. Acetylation results in the formation of

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Pregnenolone sulfate and aging of cognitive functions: behavioral, neurochemical, and morphological investigations

This study explores the role of pregnenolone sulfate (PREG-S) in cognitive functions, particularly its effects on aging and memory impairment. The research shows that PREG-S improves cognitive performance in aging rats by increasing acetylcholine release, enhancing paradoxical sleep, and promoting neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which are crucial for memory processes.

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June 26, 2025 No Comments