Well Referenced

Tag: urbanization

Does the epithelial barrier hypothesis explain the increase in allergy, autoimmunity and other chronic conditions?

This 2021 review by Cezmi A. Akdis introduces the “epithelial barrier hypothesis,” proposing that increased exposure to epithelial barrier-damaging agents—such as pollutants, detergents, and processed foods—due to industrialization and urbanization contributes to the rise in allergic, autoimmune, and other chronic diseases. The hypothesis suggests that damage to epithelial barriers (skin,

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology in China

This 2018 review examines the rising prevalence of pediatric allergic diseases in China, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic eczema, correlating with rapid urbanization and lifestyle changes. Despite the increasing disease burden, pediatric allergy as a subspecialty remains underdeveloped due to the lack of formal training programs and certification. Efforts

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Status Report on Hypertension in Africa—Consultative Review for the 6th Session of the African Union Conference of Ministers of Health on NCDs

This 2013 review highlights the escalating burden of hypertension in Africa, noting that average blood pressures are now higher in Africa than in Europe and the USA. The prevalence is increasing among poorer populations, challenging the notion that hypertension is a disease of affluence. Hypertension is identified as the leading

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June 26, 2025 No Comments