Distribution of vitamin K2 in subchondral bone in osteoarthritic knee joints
This 2013 study analyzed vitamin K2 distribution in subchondral bone samples from 58 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty due to osteoarthritis (OA). Using high-performance liquid chromatography, vitamin K2 concentrations were measured in medial and lateral femoral and tibial condyles. The medial condyles—typically more severely affected by OA—showed significantly lower vitamin
June 26, 2025
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