This 2024 review article delves into the intricate relationship between ferroptosis—a regulated, iron-dependent form of cell death—and the immune system. It highlights how ferroptosis influences both innate and adaptive immunity, affecting processes such as infection response, autoimmunity, and tumor immunity. The review discusses the dual role of ferroptosis in promoting
This conceptual review explores how the Warburg effect—characterized by cancer cells favoring aerobic glycolysis over oxidative phosphorylation—intersects with the established hallmarks of cancer. The authors argue that this metabolic reprogramming is not merely a consequence but a driver of tumorigenesis. The shift to glycolysis results in reduced ATP yield, compelling
This 2020 review article explores the multifaceted role of iron in cancer biology. It discusses how dysregulated iron metabolism contributes to tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. Excess iron can promote oxidative DNA damage and genomic instability, facilitating oncogenesis. The article also examines therapeutic strategies targeting iron metabolism, such as iron
This study analyzed gene expression and p53 mutations in matched pelvic and extra-pelvic tumor samples from 30 patients with advanced-stage serous ovarian cancer. Findings revealed identical p53 mutations and similar signaling pathway expressions across tumor sites, supporting a unifocal origin in the pelvis. Three molecular pathways—TGF-WNT/cytoskeleton remodeling, chemokines/cell adhesion, and
This 2020 study assessed blood NAD⁺ levels in elderly patients (aged 75–101) hospitalized for decompensated heart failure compared to healthy donors (aged 19–68). Results showed significantly lower NAD⁺ concentrations in the elderly heart failure group (mean 20.7 μmol/L) versus healthy controls (mean 23.4 μmol/L). The decline in NAD⁺ was independent
This review discusses zonulin, a protein that regulates tight junctions and modulates the permeability of both the intestinal and blood-brain barriers. It highlights how dysregulation of zonulin, triggered by microbial components, may contribute to neurological and gastrointestinal disorders. The review also explores potential therapeutic interventions targeting the zonulin pathway, particularly
This 2018 review article published in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology (DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_3, PMID: 31493221) explores various aging biomarkers, such as telomeres, longevity proteins, senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, and gut microbiota, while assessing their potential as therapeutic targets for anti-aging interventions. The review highlights how these biomarkers are linked to
This 2020 review article published in F1000Research (DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.20510.1, PMID: 32051759) discusses the role of zonulin-mediated gut permeability in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) such as autoimmune disorders, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Zonulin, a protein that regulates gut permeability, is implicated in the pathogenesis of CIDs due to
This systematic review examines the role of glutathione reductase (GR) in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis, focusing on its crucial function in regenerating reduced glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant. The review highlights how GR, in combination with other antioxidant enzymes, regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress responses. Differences in
This systematic review explores the role of choline metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver cancer, highlighting its key pathways: oxidation, phosphorylation, and acetylation. Choline’s oxidation produces betaine, which aids in methylation and epigenetic regulation, while phosphorylation impacts lipid metabolism and transport. Acetylation results in the formation of
