This 2014 review article examines the role of testosterone supplementation therapy (TST) in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is characterized by a cluster of conditions including increased waist circumference, high triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, and insulin resistance, which collectively elevate the risk of type 2
This review challenges the longstanding belief that testosterone supplementation therapy (TST) exacerbates prostate cancer (PCa). The “saturation model” posits that prostate androgen receptors are fully activated at serum testosterone levels of 150–200 ng/dL, beyond which additional testosterone has minimal effect on prostate tissue. Contemporary studies indicate that TST does not
This 2004 review outlines the use of subcutaneous estradiol pellet implants for estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. The procedure involves a minor office-based insertion of 25 mg estradiol pellets into the lower abdomen or buttocks. This method achieves physiologic estradiol levels and suppresses follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), mirroring premenopausal hormonal
The article “Testosterone and Cardiovascular Health” is a literature review that examines the relationship between testosterone therapy and cardiovascular health, focusing on conflicting evidence regarding the cardiovascular risks and benefits of testosterone supplementation. It addresses the ongoing debate about testosterone’s potential to cause cardiovascular events, with some studies suggesting increased
This meta-analysis examined the effects of testosterone supplementation on male sexual function, finding that testosterone therapy significantly improved sexual function in hypogonadal men, while its role in men without clear hypogonadism remains uncertain. The study also noted differences in results between industry-supported and independent trials, attributing these to trial design
This editorial discusses the potential benefits and uncertainties of testosterone supplementation for improving sexual satisfaction in women. While some studies suggest that testosterone therapy may enhance sexual desire and satisfaction in specific populations, the article highlights the complexities of female sexual function and the lack of long-term safety data. It
This study examined the effects of testosterone administration on muscle areas in hysterectomized women with low testosterone levels. The results showed significant increases in muscle mass in the trunk and pelvic floor among women who received testosterone supplementation compared to those receiving a placebo. These findings suggest that testosterone may
