This 2021 study investigated the effects of 642 nm red light-emitting diode (LED) treatment on skin tumor development in a DMBA/TPA-induced mouse model. Mice exposed to 642 nm LED light twice weekly for 20 weeks exhibited increased tumor size, greater epidermal thickness, and elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6,
This review article explores the functions of C-reactive protein (CRP), a pentraxin-family protein that rapidly rises during trauma, inflammation, and infection. It describes CRP’s role in binding damaged cells and pathogens, activating the complement system, and facilitating phagocytosis, making it an integral part of the innate immune response. CRP’s ability
This 2013 review article published in the Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (PMID: 23792036) explores the role of proinflammatory cytokines—such as IL-6, IL-1, TNF-α, and CRP—in aging and their link to age-related diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation, termed “inflamm-aging,” is associated with increased frailty, sarcopenia, cardiovascular conditions, and neurodegenerative
This 2016 review article published in Journal of Immunology Research (DOI: 10.1155/2016/8426874, PMID: 27493973) explores the concept of inflamm-aging, which refers to chronic, low-grade inflammation that increases with age and is linked to several age-related diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. The review discusses the
