primary care Archives - Well Referenced

Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption–II

This 1993 study details the creation of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), a 10-item screening tool developed through a six-country WHO collaborative project to identify hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The instrument was derived from a 150-item assessment administered to 1,888 primary healthcare patients. Questions were selected based

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Digital Rectal Examination for Prostate Cancer Screening in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This 2018 systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of digital rectal examination (DRE) for prostate cancer screening in primary care settings. Analyzing data from 7 studies encompassing 9,241 patients, the study found that DRE performed by primary care clinicians had a pooled sensitivity of 0.51 and specificity of

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Top 20 Research Studies of 2021 for Primary Care Physicians

This article summarizes the top 20 research studies of 2021 identified as POEMs (patient-oriented evidence that matters) that did not appear in previous summaries. These studies were selected based on their relevance to primary care practice and their potential to change clinical practice. The topics covered include cardiovascular disease, diabetes,

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care Practice in the United States: A Systematic Review

This 2009 systematic review by Tsai and Wadden evaluated randomized controlled trials of obesity interventions conducted in U.S. primary care settings. The review included 10 studies categorized into three groups: (1) primary care provider (PCP) counseling alone, (2) PCP counseling combined with pharmacotherapy, and (3) collaborative care involving non-physician providers.

June 26, 2025 No Comments

What is the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of using drugs in treating obese patients in primary care? A systematic review

This systematic review and economic evaluation, published in 2012, assessed the clinical and cost-effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for obesity management in primary care settings. The study analyzed data from randomized controlled trials focusing on orlistat, sibutramine, and rimonabant. All three medications demonstrated modest weight loss benefits compared to placebo, with

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Management of obesity

This 2016 review by Wadden et al. provides a comprehensive overview of obesity management strategies, emphasizing the importance of individualized treatment plans. The authors discuss lifestyle interventions, including dietary modifications, increased physical activity, and behavioral therapy, as foundational approaches for weight loss. They highlight that while lifestyle changes can lead

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Managing obesity in primary care practice: a narrative review

This 2013 narrative review by Wadden et al. examines the challenges and strategies for managing obesity within primary care settings. The authors highlight that primary care physicians (PCPs) often face barriers such as limited time, insufficient training, and lack of resources, which impede effective obesity management. The review discusses evidence-based

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Managing obesity in primary care practice: an overview with perspective from the POWER-UP study

This 2013 article by Wadden et al. provides an overview of obesity management within primary care settings, drawing insights from the Practice-based Opportunities for Weight Reduction (POWER-UP) study. The POWER-UP trial evaluated the effectiveness of three levels of lifestyle intervention—brief, enhanced, and intensive—delivered by primary care providers and auxiliary health

June 26, 2025 No Comments

A two-year randomized trial of obesity treatment in primary care practice

This 2011 randomized controlled trial by Wadden et al. evaluated the effectiveness of three obesity treatment strategies in primary care settings over two years. The study involved 390 obese adults (mean BMI ~38) randomized into three groups: usual care (quarterly visits with primary care providers), brief lifestyle counseling (quarterly visits

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Answers to Clinical Questions in the Primary Care Management of People with Obesity: Pharmacologic Management

This clinical review addresses common questions primary care providers face regarding pharmacologic management of obesity. It emphasizes that pharmacotherapy should be considered for adults with a BMI ≥30 kg/m² or ≥27 kg/m² with comorbidities, in conjunction with lifestyle interventions. The article reviews FDA-approved medications available at the time, including orlistat,

June 26, 2025 No Comments

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