Overdiagnosis Archives - Well Referenced

Prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test: a systematic review and meta-analysis

This 2018 systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and risks of PSA-based prostate cancer screening across five randomized controlled trials involving over 721,000 men. The findings indicate that PSA screening may lead to a small reduction in prostate cancer-specific mortality over 10 years (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.96; 95%

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Prostate MRI versus PSA Screening for Prostate Cancer Detection (the MVP Study): A Randomised Clinical Trial

This 2023 randomized clinical trial (MVP Study) evaluated the comparative effectiveness of MRI versus prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in prostate cancer detection. The study included men aged 50–75 and randomized them to receive either MRI or PSA screening. MRI screening demonstrated superior detection of clinically significant prostate cancers (Gleason score

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Re: “Twenty five year follow-up for breast cancer incidence and mortality of the Canadian National Breast Screening Study: randomised screening trial”

This 2014 commentary by Noel S. Weiss addresses the findings of the Canadian National Breast Screening Study (CNBSS), which reported no significant reduction in breast cancer mortality with annual mammography screening in women aged 40–59 over a 25-year follow-up period. Weiss discusses methodological concerns, including potential biases in randomization and

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Screening for lung cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement

This 2013 USPSTF recommendation advocates for annual lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 55 to 80 with a 30 pack-year smoking history who currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Based on evidence, notably from the National Lung Screening Trial, LDCT screening

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Screening for prostate cancer with the prostate-specific antigen test: a review of current evidence

This review evaluates the benefits and risks associated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer. Evidence indicates that PSA screening may reduce prostate cancer-specific mortality, but it also carries significant risks, including overdiagnosis and overtreatment. The review recommends that clinicians engage in shared decision-making with average-risk men aged 55

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Breast Cancer Overdiagnosis Common Among Older Women

This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 54,635 women aged 70 and older to estimate breast cancer overdiagnosis associated with screening mammography. Findings revealed that overdiagnosis rates increased with age: 31% for ages 70–74, 47% for 75–84, and 54% for 85 and older. The study utilized Medicare claims linked to

June 26, 2025 No Comments

Breast Cancer Screening in Denmark: A Cohort Study of Tumor Size and Overdiagnosis

This 2017 cohort study evaluated the impact of Denmark’s national breast cancer screening program on tumor size distribution and overdiagnosis rates. Analyzing data from 1980 to 2010, the study found that screening did not reduce the incidence of advanced tumors (>20 mm) but significantly increased the detection of nonadvanced tumors

June 26, 2025 No Comments

A 16-yr Follow-Up of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer

This article presents a 16-year follow-up of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer, which evaluates the long-term outcomes of prostate cancer screening using PSA testing. The study found that screening led to a modest reduction in prostate cancer mortality, but with a higher risk of overdiagnosis and

June 26, 2025 No Comments

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