Well Referenced

Tag: multidrug resistance

Methylene blue is more toxic to erythroleukemic cells than to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a possible use in chemotherapy

This study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of methylene blue (MB) on various cell lines, including erythroleukemic cells (with and without multidrug resistance), melanoma cells, lymphocytes, and melanocytes. MB demonstrated higher cytotoxicity towards tumor cells, particularly erythroleukemic cells, compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The study suggests that MB’s preferential

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Salinomycin: A new paradigm in cancer therapy

This comprehensive review discusses salinomycin, a polyether antibiotic identified as a potent agent against cancer stem cells (CSCs) and multidrug-resistant tumors. Salinomycin functions by disrupting key oncogenic signaling pathways including Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, and Akt, reducing CSC viability and enhancing sensitivity to standard chemotherapeutics. Mechanistically, it induces apoptosis, autophagy, and

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

The multitargeted drug ivermectin: from an antiparasitic agent to a repositioned cancer drug

This 2018 review explores the repositioning of ivermectin, traditionally an antiparasitic agent, as a novel anticancer drug. The article highlights ivermectin’s ability to target multiple molecular pathways critical to cancer cell survival and proliferation. Mechanistically, ivermectin inhibits P-glycoprotein to overcome drug resistance, acts on chloride ion channels to induce apoptosis,

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Multiple molecular targets in breast cancer therapy by betulinic acid

This 2016 review explores betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpene, as a multifaceted agent against breast cancer. BA inhibits cell proliferation by downregulating cyclins and topoisomerases, leading to cell cycle arrest. It induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and exhibits anti-angiogenic effects by suppressing NF-κB, Sp transcription factors, and VEGF

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June 26, 2025 No Comments