This cross-sectional study assessed the association between cumulative and current lead exposure and cognitive function in 141 middle-aged and elderly men enrolled in the VA Normative Aging Study. Researchers measured blood lead levels and bone lead concentrations (in tibia and patella) using K-X-ray fluorescence. Results showed that higher blood lead
This longitudinal study evaluated the impact of dietary choline intake on cognitive performance and brain structure in 1,391 dementia-free individuals (mean age 61) from the Framingham Offspring Cohort. Dietary data were collected via food frequency questionnaires, and participants underwent neuropsychological testing and MRI imaging. Results indicated that higher concurrent choline
This prospective cohort study analyzed data from 12,336 participants (mean age 56.8 years) in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study to assess the relationship between midlife systemic inflammation and cognitive decline over two decades. Researchers measured inflammatory biomarkers—fibrinogen, white blood cell count, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII—to create
This study evaluates the cognitive-enhancing effects of two phosphatidylcholine derivatives: 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPhtCho) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPhtCho). In scopolamine-induced amnesic rats, oral administration of DLPhtCho (5 mg/kg) or POPhtCho (5 mg/kg) individually, and especially their combination, significantly reduced acquisition and retention latencies in the Morris water maze test. The combined treatment outperformed
This 2023 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (COSMOS-Mind) evaluated the effects of daily cocoa extract (500 mg flavanols) and a multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplement on cognitive function in 2,262 older adults over three years. Cocoa extract supplementation showed no significant impact on global cognition, memory, or executive function. In contrast, daily MVM
This 2010 in vitro and animal study demonstrated that elevating brain magnesium levels using magnesium-L-threonate (MgT) significantly improved learning and memory in rats, including enhanced short- and long-term memory, working memory, and pattern completion in aged rats. The improvements were linked to increased synaptic density in the hippocampus and enhanced
This study examines the effects of soy lecithin-derived phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA) supplementation on memory, cognition, daily functioning, and mood in elderly individuals, particularly those with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. The results showed significant improvements in memory, mental health, and mood, with a 49% improvement in general
This cohort study explored the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression and cognitive decline in older adults. The study found that higher BDNF expression in the brain was associated with slower cognitive decline, particularly in those with Alzheimer’s pathology. The findings suggest that BDNF may act as a
The study “Hypothalamic pregnenolone mediates recognition memory in the context of metabolic disorders” (Cell Metabolism, 2022) explores the role of pregnenolone production in hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons in regulating recognition memory, particularly under metabolic stress conditions like obesity and type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that a short-term high-fat diet impaired
This review explores the relationship between testosterone levels and cognitive function in elderly men, highlighting potential neuroprotective effects observed in cell culture and animal studies. While some observational studies suggest an association between higher testosterone levels and better memory and executive function, human research remains inconsistent. Low free testosterone levels
