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Tag: Liquid biopsy

Prostate Cancer Detection and Prognosis: From Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) to Exosomal Biomarkers

This 2014 review addresses the shortcomings of PSA as a biomarker for prostate cancer, including low specificity and the resulting overdiagnosis and overtreatment. It explores the promise of exosomal biomarkers—extracellular vesicles containing nucleic acids and proteins—as more precise, non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Exosomes isolated from blood, urine, and other

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Sensitive tumour detection and classification using plasma cell-free DNA methylomes

This study introduces cfMeDIP-seq, an immunoprecipitation-based method for analyzing methylation patterns in small quantities of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA). By profiling the methylomes of cfDNA from plasma samples, the researchers achieved sensitive detection and accurate classification of various cancer types, including early-stage tumors. The approach leverages large-scale, tissue- and cancer-type-specific

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Liquid Biopsies for Assessing Metastatic Melanoma Progression

This 2016 study evaluates the utility of liquid biopsies in monitoring metastatic melanoma progression. By analyzing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood samples, the research demonstrates that liquid biopsies can provide real-time insights into tumor dynamics, detect emerging resistance mutations, and assess treatment response. The

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Methylated circulating tumor DNA in blood: power in cancer prognosis and response

This 2016 review explores the role of methylated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a non-invasive biomarker in cancer prognosis and treatment monitoring. ctDNA, detectable in plasma or serum, reflects tumor-specific genetic and epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation patterns. These methylation changes are often consistent across patients, making them reliable

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Cancer DNA in the Circulation: The Liquid Biopsy

This article discusses the emerging field of liquid biopsy, focusing on the detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the bloodstream as a non-invasive method for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. The review highlights the advantages of liquid biopsy over traditional tissue biopsies, including its ability to capture tumor heterogeneity, monitor

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Clinical validation of a targeted methylation-based multi-cancer early detection test using an independent validation set

This clinical validation study evaluated a blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test that analyzes cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation patterns using targeted sequencing and machine learning. Conducted as part of the CCGA study, the analysis included 4,077 participants (2,823 with cancer, 1,254 without). The test achieved a specificity of 99.5% and

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June 26, 2025 No Comments

Detection of Methylated Circulating DNA as Noninvasive Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

This 2017 review evaluates the potential of detecting methylated circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in peripheral blood as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for breast cancer. Analyzing 14 studies, the authors highlight that multi-gene methylation panels enhance diagnostic sensitivity and specificity compared to single-gene analyses. Techniques such as methylation-specific PCR and digital

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June 26, 2025 No Comments