This 2018 review by Salzano et al. explores the therapeutic potential of growth hormone (GH) replacement in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), a condition often associated with acquired GH deficiency. The authors outline how GH and its mediator IGF-1 influence myocardial function, vascular tone, and metabolic regulation. Although animal
This systematic review assessed the effects of hawthorn extract as an adjunctive treatment for chronic heart failure (CHF), analyzing data from 14 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials involving 855 patients. The findings showed that hawthorn extract significantly improved exercise tolerance, increased maximal workload, reduced the pressure-heart rate product, and alleviated symptoms
This review explores the cardiovascular benefits of standardized hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) extracts, particularly in managing mild chronic heart failure. Clinical trials with over 4,000 patients have shown significant improvements, as well as vasoprotective and cardioprotective effects. Hawthorn extracts also have potential applications for treating endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease,
The review article examines the role of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the management of chronic heart failure (HF), emphasizing its biochemical function in mitochondrial energy production and antioxidant activity. The Q-SYMBIO trial demonstrated that CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality by 42% (p=0.026) and all-cause mortality by 43% (p=0.036) over
This review article redefines iron deficiency in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), arguing that current diagnostic criteria based on serum ferritin and transferrin saturation may miss cases of functional iron deficiency at the tissue level. It emphasizes the importance of intracellular iron for mitochondrial function and energy production in
