This cross-sectional study assessed the link between long-term lead exposure and severity of intracranial carotid atherosclerosis in 213 patients undergoing digital subtraction angiography. Body lead stores, estimated via bone lead levels, were significantly higher in individuals with ≥50% intracranial carotid stenosis compared to those with
This cross-sectional study assessed the association between cumulative and current lead exposure and cognitive function in 141 middle-aged and elderly men enrolled in the VA Normative Aging Study. Researchers measured blood lead levels and bone lead concentrations (in tibia and patella) using K-X-ray fluorescence. Results showed that higher blood lead
This longitudinal study assessed the impact of cumulative lead exposure on cognitive function over 22 years in an occupational cohort. Researchers measured both blood lead and tibia bone lead levels and administered the Pittsburgh Occupational Exposures Test battery. Findings revealed that higher bone lead levels were associated with lower current
This archaeological toxicology study analyzed lead content in ancient human bones to assess historical exposure levels and social implications. Results showed that Roman-era skeletons exhibited bone lead levels approximately 1000 times higher than those from pre-industrial populations, such as in ancient Peru. The use of barium-to-lead ratios in bone apatite
This study examined factors influencing cumulative lead burden in male veterans, utilizing bone lead measurements via K-shell X-ray fluorescence. Findings indicated that age, occupational exposure, and lifestyle factors such as smoking were significant predictors of elevated bone lead levels. The research underscores the importance of considering these variables when assessing
This cohort study examined how genetic variations in glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes—specifically the GSTP1 Val105 and GSTM1 deletion polymorphisms—modify the relationship between cumulative lead exposure and cognitive function in older men from the Normative Aging Study. Using bone lead levels measured by K-shell X-ray fluorescence and Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE)
