This 2019 review by Kim et al. provides a comprehensive overview of heavy metal toxicity and the role of chelation therapy in its management. The authors discuss how heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, copper, iron, lead, and mercury can induce oxidative stress by generating free radicals and depleting antioxidant
This 2018 review highlights the significant health risks associated with heavy metal contamination in drinking water, focusing on metals such as arsenic, cadmium, nickel, mercury, chromium, zinc, and lead. Despite technological advancements, concentrations of these metals often exceed recommended safety limits globally. The primary exposure route is through the consumption
This 2013 review by Margaret E. Sears examines the role of chelation in detoxifying heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury, which are prevalent environmental toxins contributing to chronic diseases. The paper discusses both natural chelators like glutathione and metallothionein, and pharmaceutical agents such as EDTA, DMSA, and
This review details the development and evaluation of monoisoamyl dimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA), a lipophilic analog of DMSA, as an advanced chelating agent for chronic heavy metal poisoning. MiADMSA exhibits superior cell membrane permeability, allowing it to effectively access intracellular metal deposits, particularly in arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, and gallium arsenide
This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the relationship between exposure to environmental toxic metals—arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, and copper—and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Drawing from 37 studies with over 348,000 participants, the analysis revealed that higher levels of arsenic, lead,
This in vitro and animal study investigated the use of medical-grade activated carbon (MAC) and acid-processed montmorillonite clay (APM) as edible agents for binding and neutralizing heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead. Using adsorption/desorption isotherms and a simulated gastrointestinal model, the study demonstrated that MAC strongly adsorbs
This observational animal study investigated the effects of heated coriander (Coriandrum sativum) leaf extract on heavy metal accumulation and oxidative stress resistance in mice. After eight weeks of consuming water with 0.25% heated coriander extract, mice showed significantly reduced concentrations of iron, cadmium, and arsenic in the kidneys, but not
This pilot study investigated the effect of modified citrus pectin (MCP) on the urinary excretion of toxic metals in healthy individuals. Participants taking MCP for 5-6 days experienced significant increases in the excretion of arsenic (130%), cadmium (150%), and lead (560%) via urine, suggesting MCP’s potential to aid in detoxification
This review article discusses the use of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) as a safe, non-toxic, water-soluble treatment for heavy metal toxicity, particularly from lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. DMSA has been shown to be an effective chelator, facilitating the excretion of heavy metals through urine while minimizing side effects compared to
This review article discusses the use of DMSA (dimercaptosuccinic acid) and DMPS (dimercaptopropanesulfonate) as safe and effective water-soluble chelating agents for treating heavy metal poisoning, including lead, mercury, arsenic, and cadmium. Both agents are shown to be effective in promoting the excretion of toxic metals while having minimal side effects
