This review examines the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in hair follicle biology and associated disorders. mTOR is pivotal in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism, influencing hair follicle stem cell maintenance and cycling. The study highlights that mTOR signaling is crucial for hair follicle
This 2015 study analyzed data from 1,903 adult epilepsy patients to assess the prevalence and impact of cosmetic side effects (CSEs) associated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The most commonly reported CSEs were weight gain and alopecia. Phenytoin users exhibited a higher incidence of gingival hyperplasia, while valproic acid was frequently
This 2021 retrospective study examined the use of low-dose oral minoxidil (LDOM) in a North American cohort over a 3-year period to treat various types of alopecia, including androgenetic alopecia and chronic telogen effluvium. The study involved both men and women and found LDOM to be effective in promoting hair
This 2000 editorial by A.G. Messenger outlines the physiological influence of thyroid hormones on hair follicle biology. Although it does not provide empirical data, it highlights the clinical observation that both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can lead to hair disorders, including diffuse hair thinning and alopecia. Thyroid hormones, primarily triiodothyronine (T3)
This 2019 study published in Cell Reports investigates the role of autophagy activation in promoting hair growth. Researchers found that compounds such as rapamycin, metformin, α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), and α-ketobutyrate (α-KB) stimulate the transition of hair follicles from the telogen (resting) to the anagen (growth) phase by activating autophagy. Inhibition of
This systematic review examines the impact of vitamins and minerals on hair loss, emphasizing the importance of nutrients like iron, zinc, and vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. Deficiencies in these micronutrients can contribute to alopecia, and correcting them may help prevent or treat hair loss. The review suggests
