This 2019 clinical trial compared extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to NSAID therapy in 186 patients with moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The ESWT group (n=82) received 0.25 mJ/mm² at 2.0 bar, 8 Hz, twice weekly for 4 weeks. The NSAID group (n=104) received standard oral anti-inflammatory treatment. Pain