This Phase I randomized, open-label clinical trial evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC), adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSC), and their co-infusion in 20 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Participants were divided into four groups: control (standard treatment), BMMC, ADSC, and co-infusion (BMMC + ADSC).
